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Chesoni Kevin. Pooja Sakhare. Imtiaz Mujawar. Alexander Burton. Biochem J. Response of protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle to insulin: an investigation with [ 2 H 5 ]phenylalanine. Am J Physiol. Tissue protein synthesis rates in critically ill patients.
Crit Care Med. Mohabbat T , Drew B. Simultaneous determination of 33 amino acids and dipeptides in spent cell culture media by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection following liquid and solid phase extraction.
Determination of free amino acids in pig plasma by precolumn derivatization with 6-N-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate and high-performance liquid chromatography. Feeding meals containing soy or whey protein after exercise stimulates protein synthesis and translation initiation in the skeletal muscle of male rats.
Orally administered leucine stimulates protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of postabsorptive rats in association with increased eIF4F formation. Oral administration of leucine stimulates ribosomal protein mRNA translation but not global rates of protein synthesis in the liver of rats. Molecular mechanisms through which amino acids mediate signaling through the mammalian target of rapamycin.
Latency and duration of stimulation of human muscle protein synthesis during continuous infusion of amino acids. J Physiol. Layman DK , Wisont G. Leucine stimulates clearance of indispensable amino acids. Amino acid availability and age affect the leucine stimulation of protein synthesis and eIF4F formation in muscle.
Leucine and insulin activate p70 S6 kinase through different pathways in human skeletal muscle. Insulin-stimulated polypeptide chain elongation in the soleus muscle of mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. Postprandial metabolic utilization of wheat protein in humans.
Am J Clin Nutr. Slow and fast dietary proteins differently modulate postprandial protein accretion. Circadian rhythms of the spontaneous meal pattern, macronutrient intake, and mood of humans. Physiol Behav. Protein pulse feeding improves protein retention in elderly women.
Reeves PG. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide.
Sign In or Create an Account. Sign In. Advanced Search. Search Menu. Article Navigation. Close mobile search navigation Article Navigation. Volume Article Contents Abstract. Materials and Methods. Literature Cited. Norton , Layne E. E-mail: lnorton2 illinois. Oxford Academic. Donald K. Piyawan Bunpo. Tracy G. Diego V. Peter J. Revision received:.
Cite Cite Layne E. Select Format Select format. Permissions Icon Permissions. Abstract This study examined the impact of leucine Leu derived from complete meals on stimulation of skeletal muscle protein synthesis MPS.
Baseline diet 1. Whey 2. Open in new tab. Amino acid. Wheat 1. Open in new tab Download slide. Time, min. Baseline 2. Leucine Google Scholar Crossref. Search ADS. Google Scholar PubMed. Issue Section:. Download all slides. Long story short, Leucine has the most potent effect on MPS, and these effects are most pronounced when the amount of Leucine ingested is at a threshold dose of around grams.
So now we can measure protein quality based on the Leucine content within a specific type of protein. This means that you can maximally stimulate MPS with about 27 grams of whey. Other protein types have lower Leucine content, so in order to maximally stimulate MPS, you need to ingest more to reach the same Leucine threshold dose.
Related to MPS is what is known at the refractory period. The duration that MPS is increased due to Leucine concentrations elevated in the blood typically only lasts for 1. There you have it. Protein quality primarily comes down to Leucine content, and the total amount of protein you ingest needs to be seen through the lens of quality, not just quantity.
Hitting your daily protein goal is important, but so it maximizing MPS. Kevin Kuhn, M. Atherton, P. Muscle protein synthesis in response to nutrition and exercise. J Physiol Lond. Houston, M. Biochemistry primer for exercise science. Champaign Il: Human Kinetics.
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